Conjunctival Nevus: What You Need to Know

A conjunctival nevus is a benign (non-cancerous) growth on the surface of the eye. It is similar to a mole or a freckle on the skin. It is usually brown, tan or pink in color and can vary in size and shape. A conjunctival nevus can appear at any age, but it is more common in children and young adults.

What causes a conjunctival nevus?

A conjunctival nevus is caused by an overgrowth of melanocytes, which are the cells that produce pigment in the skin and the eye. The exact reason why some people develop a conjunctival nevus is not known, but it may be influenced by genetic factors, sun exposure or eye irritation.

What are the symptoms of a conjunctival nevus?

A conjunctival nevus usually does not cause any symptoms or problems. It may be noticed by the person or by an eye doctor during a routine eye exam. Sometimes, a conjunctival nevus may change in appearance over time, such as becoming larger, darker or more irregular. Rarely, a conjunctival nevus may bleed, become inflamed or cause vision problems.

How is a conjunctival nevus diagnosed?

A conjunctival nevus can be diagnosed by an eye doctor based on its appearance and location. Sometimes, an eye doctor may use a special device called a slit-lamp to examine the eye more closely. In some cases, an eye doctor may take a small sample of tissue (biopsy) from the conjunctival nevus to confirm the diagnosis and rule out any other conditions.

How is a conjunctival nevus treated?

A conjunctival nevus usually does not require any treatment, unless it causes cosmetic concerns or interferes with vision. In these cases, an eye doctor may recommend removing the conjunctival nevus surgically or with a laser. The procedure is usually done under local anesthesia and has minimal risks and complications. However, there is a small chance that the conjunctival nevus may recur or transform into a malignant (cancerous) growth called a melanoma.

How can a conjunctival nevus be prevented?

There is no specific way to prevent a conjunctival nevus from developing or changing. However, some general measures that may help protect the eyes and reduce the risk of eye problems include:

• - Wearing sunglasses that block ultraviolet (UV) rays
• - Avoiding excessive sun exposure
• - Using artificial tears or lubricating eye drops to prevent dryness and irritation
• - Having regular eye exams to monitor any changes in the eye

Conclusion

A conjunctival nevus is a common and harmless growth on the surface of the eye. It usually does not cause any symptoms or problems and does not need any treatment. However, it is important to have regular eye exams to check for any changes in the appearance or size of the conjunctival nevus and to consult an eye doctor if there are any concerns.